Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The primary driver of global warming is the release of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases, primarily from human activities like burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas), deforestation, and industrial processes.
The consequences of global warming include:
1. Rising temperatures: Average global temperatures are increasing, leading to more frequent and severe heatwaves.
2. Melting ice and rising sea levels: The warming climate causes polar ice caps and glaciers to melt, contributing to rising sea levels, which can lead to coastal flooding and erosion.
3. Extreme weather events: Global warming is associated with an increase in extreme weather events such as hurricanes, droughts, floods, and wildfires.
4. Disruption of ecosystems: Changes in temperature and weather patterns can harm ecosystems, impacting biodiversity and food chains.
5. Ocean acidification: The absorption of excess CO2 by the oceans is causing ocean acidification, which can harm marine life, including coral reefs.
Addressing global warming requires global efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, transition to renewable energy sources, improve energy efficiency, and adopt sustainable land-use practices. Many countries have signed international agreements, such as the Paris Agreement, to limit global warming and mitigate its impacts. Public awareness and individual actions also play a crucial role in addressing this critical environmental issue.
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